冰与火之歌

Russia's Ouster From WTO Would Jeopardize West & Global South's Development, Scholars Warn_我的网站

一 |     "[O]usting Russia from the WTO would have a number of negative consequences, for Russia, of course, but also for other WTO countries, and even more so for all those countries that to date have been benefiting from the Russian WTO membership, particularly as regards the oil market and a number of industrial or consumer goods," says Sergio Rossi, professor of macroeconomics and monetary economics at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland.,Since its accession to the WTO, Russia has helped integrate Eastern and Asian countries into global trade and contributed to economic growth as well as firms’ profits, notably in those Western countries that imported a lot of Russian oil, iron, and steel, according to Rossi.,"The Russian participation in the WTO enlarged the spectrum of the latter so that it now covers all major economies around the world," the academic emphasizes. "On geopolitical grounds, it also helped counterbalance the US power, contributing to reducing the asymmetries and the monetary dominance of the US dollar at the global level. For the EU, Russia’s participation in the WTO gave rise to two major benefits. On the one hand, the EU member countries have been in a position to increase their exports to Russia, hence also the EU firms’ profits. On the other hand, these countries’ economies benefited from a huge reduction of their importing costs, as regards different trade barriers (tariffs and patents in particular).",The professor notes that Russia's impact on trade and investment within the framework of the WTO has been positive, given that it facilitated the expansion of foreign trade across the global economy, thereby creating jobs and investment opportunities for a number of Western countries.,Similarly, Russia's WTO membership has played a crucial role for the Global South as Moscow has often thrown its weight behind developing countries, highlights Dr. Anuradha Chenoy, professor of the Center for Russian and Central Asian Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University.,"Russia has been a responsible member of the WTO," Chenoy stresses. "On many issues Russia sided with the countries of the Global South, because of rules like ‘Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights’ and patents were not in favor of developing countries. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, India and South Africa proposed an exceptional and temporary waiver on COVID vaccines, which were under patent by Western pharmaceuticals. Many countries of the South backed India and South Africa’s demand. So did Russia. But the Western block did not allow the patent regime to be diluted and big corporate profits continued. Many people in the South could not get the vaccine as a consequence.",RussiaMoscow Calls for Joint Work on Resolving Trade Issues Within WTO to Solve Food Crisis21 May, 18:42 GMT,Russia's Ouster From WTO is Highly Unlikely,The Russian Federation has been a member of WTO since 22 August 2012. Prior to that, it had worked hard for 19 years to meet the organization's requirements. After the beginning of the special operation to demilitarize and de-Nazify Ukraine, Russia was stripped of its "most favored nation" status, with some Western nations calling for the removal of the country from the international entity. However, as Reuters explained back in March, "expelling Russia, which joined the WTO in 2012 after 19 years of negotiations, would be extremely difficult as there is no specific expulsion process.","Ousting Russia from the WTO is not possible under the current WTO Agreement, as it does not encompass such a possibility," says Rossi.,He points out that Russia could be expelled only if two-thirds of the 164 WTO member countries backed such a decision which is highly unlikely. Neither China nor many other countries, including BRICS members, will ever agree to expel Russia "in light of economic advantages these countries benefit from having Russia within the WTO," according to the academic.,For his part, Chenoy underscores that Russia's hypothetical expulsion could create a disturbing precedent which "would be harmful for global trade and the rules-based order and international law.",EconomyUS Attempts 'to Strangle and Cripple' Russian Economy With Sanctions Failed, Russian Ambassador Says19 August, 10:49 GMT,Meanwhile, Russian lawmakers have also weighed the pros and cons of Russia's WTO membership. In April, State Duma Speaker Vyacheslav Volodin instructed relevant chamber committees to study the advisability of Russia's presence in the organization. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation and Liberal Democratic Party of Russia advocated for the nation's withdrawal from the WTO, arguing that Russia's accession to the WTO has made the nation's enterprises less competitive than their Western peers and failed to shield the country from Western sanctions.,For his part, Minister of Economic Development Maxim Reshetnikov argued on May 5 that Russia's exit from the WTO would, in particular, deprive the country of the opportunity to develop new rules for global trade. In addition to that, the WTO still remains an important tool to support Russian exports, the minister wrote in a letter, obtained by Russian media outlet RBC.,Controversies pertaining to the WTO were also discussed by BRICS members during the group's 14th summit in June. The leaders of BRICS states agreed to pursue "the necessary WTO reform" to build an open world economy and called on all WTO members to avoid unilateral and protectionist measures that run counter to the spirit and rules of the WTO.,"This WTO reform is welcome," says Rossi. "This reform should include also an agreement to dispose of the actual international monetary disorder, which is the result of the US dollar dominance that allows the United States to record enormous ‘trade deficits without tears,’ as the French economist Jacques Rueff noticed in the 1950s – that is, shortly after the 1944 Bretton Woods agreements, which put the US dollar at the center of the current international monetary regime. Time has come to get rid of this monetary disorder, which is a factor of financial instability and crises as well as of geopolitical turmoil across the global economy.",RussiaGlobal Power Shifting Away From West, While BRICS Expanding & Increasing Legitimacy14 July, 16:45 GMT,How West Has Shot Itself in the Foot,Meanwhile, the decision of the US, the European Union, Japan, and Canada to strip Russia of its "most favored nation" trade status will have a long-term negative impact on the global economy, according to Rossi.,"The global economy will suffer from this decision, because there will be an increase in the costs of foreign trade for all countries involved," the academic forecasts. "For instance, importing Russian oil and iron in the EU will cost more, as the importing firms will have to pay higher tariffs, which they will transfer to the so-called ‘global value chain’ through a higher mark-up of their own production costs.",As a result, one might expect "a mushroom growth of consumer prices, which – as we can observe now – implies a number of negative consequences for all stakeholders, particularly for the poor and the middle class, but also for small as well as medium-sized firms in Western countries," Rossi notes.,Europe is struggling to tame galloping inflation, which has been further accelerated by the anti-Russia energy embargo. The annual inflation rate in the EU climbed to a record high of 9.8% in July, according to Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. Likewise, inflation among the Eurozone countries hit a new high of 8.9%. The lowest annual rates were registered in France, Malta (both 6.8%) and Finland (8.0%), while the highest annual rates were recorded in Estonia (23.2%), Latvia (21.3%), and Lithuania (20.9%).,For its part, Russia won't be affected as dramatically as the West, as it is increasingly turning to the East and South, which can be bigger beneficiaries of trade with Russia, who is a prominent supplier of hydrocarbons, commodities, wheat, etc., according to Chenoy. Similarly, Russia's development within the BRICS framework is promising to be beneficial for the country and its partners.,"Countries of the BRICS together have a bigger GDP combined now than the G7 countries," Chenoy notes. "Trade in national currencies, new transport corridors can help the BRICS grow even further."。

二 |     是谁在戏弄历史？尹锡悦的言论，如同晴天霹雳，震醒了无数人的警惕。

三 | 他，这位韩国总统，竟在美国国会大谈长津湖战役，这背后隐藏着怎样的算计？这简直匪夷所思，令人难以置信。莫非他骨子里流淌着对美国的狂热？不，更像是对民族记忆的亵渎，对历史真相的扭曲。

四 | 他小心翼翼地剖出美国军队在长津湖的惨败，分明是为了讨好美国，却换来的是对自身理性的质疑。曾经有人将他比作亚洲版特朗普，如今看来，这种比喻，实至名归。这种过分的行为，不仅仅是令人震惊，更值得深思。一个国家的总统，竟然如此肆意地篡改历史，这其中蕴含着怎样的险恶用心？这难道不是某些势力别有用心挑战二战后秩序的一种拙劣尝试吗？他们的目的，就是搅乱局势，借机渔利。     让我们重温那段英雄史诗般的长津湖战役。那些在冰天雪地中浴血奋战的志愿军战士，他们的身影，早已被镌刻在中华民族的史诗之中。电影《长津湖》，生动再现了这场伟大的胜利，更是让无数人铭记这段波澜壮阔的历史。

五 | 而外交部发言人毛宁的表态，更让我们看到了事件的全局：抗美援朝战争的胜利，意义重大而深远。任何试图挑衅和挑战这一历史事实的人，都必将自食其果。

六 | 正如美国国务卿艾奇逊所言，长津湖战役是美国历史上路程最长的败退，这堂课，美国人应该引以为戒。

七 | 那么，尹锡悦为何要执迷不悟，如此胆大妄为？      他之所以如此底线，恐怕有着多重目的。首先，他试图激化中美之间的矛盾，以一种极其阴险的方式，向美国政客展示美军在朝鲜战争中的惨痛教训。这无疑是在为那些不理智的政客火上浇油，重新点燃他们对中国的复仇心理。其次，他利用西方政客普遍存在的历史认知不足的现象，对美国政客进行一种低级的欺骗。不难想起一些西方政客的荒唐言论，他们对世界的基本认知都存在着严重的偏差。尹锡悦正是抓住了这一点，故意在关键时刻栽赃陷害。更重要的是，他试图贬低抗美援朝精神的伟大。这场战争的失败者，既有美国，也有韩国。然而，这场战争却成就了中国人民伟大的抗美援朝精神，这种精神是任何人都无法抹杀的。而尹锡悦显然不愿看到这种团结一致的力量。     最终，他此举更像是对挑战二战后秩序的疯狂追随。日本也在试图改变二战后的格局，他们甚至否认琉球主权不属于日本等客观事实，引发了广泛的国际关注。尹锡悦的言论，不过是这种疯狂行为的延伸，一个不同部位发出的脓包。面对这些荒诞不经的言论，我们不应手软。我们要透过现象看本质，揭露这些势力背后的企图。

八 | 我们要坚定支持那些勇敢反抗霸权者，如朝鲜，才能有效地遏制这些院子里的流氓及其追随者的伎俩。        中国外交，必须进入高质量的新阶段。

九 | 我们要以理直，气壮的姿态，对这些歪曲历史的言论进行坚决的驳斥和反制。让历史的洪流，将那些试图颠倒黑白的人，彻底埋葬！让我们铭记历史，砥砺前行，守护和平与发展，这是我们义不容辞的责任。秦安，2023年4月28日，元川。

十 | 返回，查看更多。

十一 |

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